Theoretical aspects of selecting repeated unit cell model in micromechanical analysis using displacement-based finite element method

Repeated Unit Cell(RUC)is a useful tool in micromechanical analysis of composites using Displacement-based Finite Element(DFE)method,and merely applying Periodic Displacement Boundary Conditions(PDBCs)to RUC is almost a standard practice to conduct such analysis.Two basic questions arising from this practice are whether Periodic Traction Boundary Conditions(PTBCs,also known as traction continuity conditions)are guaranteed and whether the solution is independent of selection of RUCs.This paper presents the theoretical aspects to tackle these questions,which unify the strong form,weak form and DFE method of the micromechanical problem together.Specifically,the solution’s independence of selection of RUCs is dealt with on the strong form side,PTBCs are derived from the weak form as natural boundary conditions,and the validity of merely applying PDBCs in micromechanical Finite Element(FE)analysis is proved by referring to its intrinsic connection to the strong form and weak form.Key points in the theoretical aspects are demonstrated by illustrative examples,and the merits of setting micromechanical FE analysis under the background of a clear theoretical framework are highlighted in the efficient selection of RUCs for Uni Directional(UD)fiber-reinforced composites.     

大曲率复合材料结构的缺陷特征与超声检测

采用超声回波法对大曲率碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料零件进行超声A 扫描，并对缺陷进行定位。结合缺陷区域和非缺陷区域的细观形貌金相图、宏观表面状态以及厚度测量结果的对比分析，讨论了缺陷形态与其回波波形特征的对应关系，以及缺陷可能的形成原因。结果表明，缺陷在细观尺度上呈现多处分层、气孔和孔隙密集缺陷，在宏观尺度上表现为零件表面贫胶与厚度增厚。缺陷的性质与超声A扫描的检测结果相吻合，缺陷的位置集中在零件大曲率部位，其形成原因与复合材料制造工艺密切相关。     

基于一种新的均匀化实施方法的FRP刚度预测

基于一种新的渐近均匀化(AH)实施方法,预测并讨论了单向纤维增强复合材料(FRP)的宏观等效弹性性能及纤维排列方式对等效力学性能的影响。该方法方便地将有限元分析(FEA)软件作为一个工具箱使用,只需在单胞上施加简单位移周期边界条件开展静力学分析,即可经过简单计算得到等效弹性常数,相比传统均匀化实施方法显著降低了实施难度并简化了计算过程。通过对比不同数值方法的结果验证了该方法的有效性和精确性。数值结果表明:六边形排列下单向纤维增强复合材料呈现横观各向同性,而正方形排列下则呈现宏观正交各向异性,经过刚度平均化过程可得到横观各向异性材料性质,纤维体积含量对两种排列方式下材料等效弹性模量影响显著但有所差别。     

A fast and automatic full-potential finite volume solver on Cartesian grids for unconventional configurations

To meet the requirements of fast and automatic computation of subsonic and transonic aerodynamics in aircraft conceptual design,a novel finite volume solver for full potential flows on adaptive Cartesian grids is developed in this paper.Cartesian grids with geometric adaptation are firstly generated automatically with boundary cells processed by cell-cutting and cell-merging algo rithms.The nonlinear full potential equation is discretized by a finite volume scheme on these Cartesian grids and iteratively solved in an implicit fashion with a generalized minimum residual (GMRES) algorithm.During computation,solution-based mesh adaptation is also applied so as to capture flow features more accurately.An improved ghost-cell method is proposed to implement the non-penetration wall boundary condition where the velocity-potential of a ghost cell is modified by an analytic method instead.According to the characteristics of the Cartesian grids,the Kutta condition is applied by specially computing the gradients on Kutta-faces without directly assigning the potential jump to cells adjacent wake faces,which can significantly improve the solution con verging speed.The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are validated by several typical cases of sub/transonic flows around an ONERA M6 wing,a DLR-F4 wing-body,and an unconventional figuration of a blended wing body (BWB).The validation cases demonstrate a fast convergence with fully automatic grid treatment and computation,and the results suggest its capacity in application for aircraft conceptual design.     

不同来流条件下旋转对气膜冷却的影响

大涡模拟考察了旋转状态来流条件对单孔平板气膜冷却的影响,气膜孔沿流向倾斜30°,气膜出流的雷诺数为2 600,吹风比为0.5,计算了静止和旋转数为0.02时气膜冷却的流动和换热,对比两种主流进口条件下旋转对气膜冷却的影响。计算结果表明：（1）均匀来流条件下,旋转主要使发夹涡结构产生非对称分布,裹挟气膜向高半径方向偏转;（2）充分发展的来流条件下,旋转使来流边界层内产生湍流结构,淹没了射流进入主流时产生的发夹涡,引起更强烈的射流扩散,增大了气膜覆盖范围,降低了气膜冷却效率的峰值;（3）旋转通过改变来流边界层内的湍流结构对气膜冷却的影响更显著。     

GA-BP神经网络在航空发动机状态监测中的应用研究

针对航空发动机状态监测问题,引入人工神经网络为发动机复杂非线性系统建立精确模型;选择以GA-BP贝叶斯算法作为神经网络训练算法,建立优化设计近似模型;以发动机排气温度的预测为例,构建了一个GA-BP神经网络对航空发动机状态进行预测。结果表明,GA-BP神经网络收敛速度快,泛化能力强,优于标准BP神经网络,因而为航空发动机状态监测提供了一种有效的方法。     

先进复合材料在未来飞行器中的应用

复合材料在飞行器结构中的用量已经成为航空航天结构的先进性标志之一,其优越的综合性能非常适应未来飞行器的发展趋势.文章概述了先进复合材料在航空航天结构应用中的主要发展历程,结合未来飞行器的发展趋势,预测了先进复合材料在未来飞行器运用中可能带来的新挑战新机遇.     

基于实时状态监控信息的飞机维修决策系统

针对某型飞机虽然已具备机上实时状态监控功能但维修人员只能实施事后维修的问题．应用故障预测与健康管理（PHM）技术．设计了基于数据链的实时状态监控维修决策系统．用于飞机故障预测、故障报告、维修响应和健康管理。     

航空发动机滑油系统的现状及未来发展

滑油系统是航空发动机机械系统的重要组成部分。随着中国航空发动机的发展,对其滑油系统的研究逐步深入,在系统的设计原理、系统热分析、系统组成部件、润滑油、系统检测等几个方面正在从仿制走向自行研制的道路。对发动机滑油系统的发展现状进行了分类描述,总结了未来发动机研制滑油系统的发展方向。     

直升机结冰强度设计标准研究

介绍了影响直升机结冰特性的主要因素。针对国内直升机防/除冰系统设计标准中关于结冰强度划分没有明确界定的问题,通过引用适航规章要求并借鉴国外直升机结冰条件的设计标准,对直升机的结冰强度设计标准进行了分析和阐述,并提出了国内标准划分的建议以及在民用直升机防/除冰系统设计中的应用问题。